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The active reserve of the KGB〔More precise translation from Russian is "acting reserve"〕 are members of the organization who work undercover "either pretending to assume various jobs or using as cover professions in which they are actually trained".〔Yevgenia Albats and Catherine A. Fitzpatrick. ''The State Within a State: The KGB and Its Hold on Russia—Past, Present, and Future.'' 1994. ISBN 0-374-52738-5, pages 56-57〕〔Vasiliy Mitrokhin, Peter Hennessy, ''KGB Lexicon: The Soviet Intelligence Officer's Handbook'', 2002, page 30 ()〕 Active reserve KGB officers typically occupied such positions as deputy directors of scientific research or deans responsible for foreign relations in academic institutions of the Soviet Union, although these people were not scientists.〔 Other officers were trained for certain civilian jobs, usually translators, journalists, telephone engineers, or doormen in hotels that served foreigners.〔 The active reserve was significantly expanded in Post-Soviet Russia, when a majority of positions in the Russian power elite were occupied by acting or undercover officers of the Russian state security services, such as the FSB and SVR, the official successors of the KGB.〔(Interview with Olga Kryshtanovskaya (Russian) ) "Siloviks in power: fears or reality?" by Evgenia Albats, Echo of Moscow, 4 February 2006〕 "The only difference between them (of active reserve ) and regular civil-servants is that they have an extra duty: writing reports every month for the FSB. They are the eyes of the master”, said sociologist Olga Krychtanovskaia. 〔Olga Krychtanovskaia. ''Anatomy of the Russian elite'', 2004. (English translation of this citation )〕 ==Background== Undercover staff of the KGB included three major categories: (a) the active reserve; (b) the "trusted contacts" (or "reliable people"), and (c) "civilian informers" (or "secret helpers"). The "active reserve" included KGB officers with a military rank who worked undercover in the Soviet Union. "Trusted contacts" were high placed civilians who collaborated with the KGB without signing any official working agreements, such as directors of personnel departments at various institutions, academics, deans, or writers and actors.〔 Informers were citizens secretly recruited by the KGB, sometimes using forceful recruitment methods, such as blackmail. The precise number of people from various categories remains unknown, but one of the estimates was 11 million "informers" in the Soviet Union, or one out of every eighteen adult citizens 〔Robert W. Pringle. ''Andropov's Counterintelligence State'', Int. J. of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 13:2, 193–203, page 196, 2000〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Active reserve (KGB)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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